老骥伏枥：电脑仰卧起坐抢救记

发表于 分类于 Waline： 本文字数： 662 阅读时长 ≈ 2 分钟

老机上演仰卧起坐

前几天，我那台用了十年多的老电脑突然出了问题。按下开机键后，灯亮风扇转，但仅持续约1秒就灯灭风扇停。这个过程反复进行，机器不断开机关机，仿佛在表演仰卧起坐。我以为这台老古董真的要退休了，甚至动了购买新电脑的念头。

抱着死马当活马医的心态，我先清理了机箱内部的灰尘，更换了CPU的导热硅胶，还把内存条抽出来擦了擦金边，最后随手拍了几下机箱。没想到，经过这么一番鼓捣，电脑竟然可以开机了。本以为问题已解决，但却无法进入到Manjaro桌面系统，黑乎乎的屏幕上显示如下字符：

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mount: /new_root: cannot mount; probably corrupted filesystem on /dev/sda1
       dmesg(1) may have more information after failed mount system call.
ERROR: Failed to mount 'UUlD=f4fa94dd-3085-4d82-a3d3-cc4910298a92' on real root.
You are now being dropped into an emergency shell.
sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
[rootfs ~]#

提示/dev/sda1的文件系统损坏，无法挂载。这正是系统分区，所以无法正常进入到操作系统，转到紧急救援模式。

少侠下手软硬兼施

查阅资料后，我了解到可以在命令行中修复文件系统，但紧急救援模式下的Shell环境只有一些非常基础的命令。于是，我制作了一个系统启动U盘，进入BIOS，将启动项更改为U盘启动。进入到U盘中的Manjaro系统后，使用fsck命令修复了文件系统。修复完成后重启，电脑终于能够正常进入Manjaro桌面系统。我的解决方案来自Gemini，关键信息如下：

Live USB/DVD (Important Fallback): If you can't get into the emergency shell, or if fsck isn't working from there, you need a Manjaro (or other Linux) live USB/DVD. This is a bootable environment that runs from the USB drive or DVD, without touching your hard drive. You can create one on another computer. Boot from the live environment, and then:

  • Identify your partitions: Use lsblk or sudo fdisk -l to be absolutely certain you know the correct partition name (e.g., /dev/sda1).
  • Run fsck: Open a terminal in the live environment and run fsck -y /dev/sda1 (again, replacing /dev/sda1 if necessary).
  • Access your files (if needed): If fsck fixes the problem, you can mount your partition (in the live environment) and copy any critical files to a safe location (like another USB drive) before you reboot. This is a good precaution in case something goes wrong.

这台功勋老将上次做大保养还是五年多前（详见台式机翻新记），用了这么久，本以为它要彻底退休了，没想到整一整硬件和软件之后，它又复活了，太高兴了！